Kubernetes home lab: Upgraded edition with functional LoadBalancer and external access to pods

In a previous post we covered the deployment of a home k8s lab, but this post will show a much better way to do it as well as improving on the end result – a fully functional local cluster.

The installation is done using Vagrant with Flannel networking and MetalLB for load balancing.

Commands for the session can be downloaded from here: https://jonamiki.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/kubectl-demo-commands.txt

Background

Why go through the trouble of setting up a home lab for k8s? Well, while using public cloud services is a quick and easy way it will cost money to deploy and run. It will also rely upon predefined cloud formation templates which have already been created. Doing it locally can provide both a more economical way to use k8s as well as give more insight into the internal workings and how it’s actually set up.

Why not use Minikube? Because it’s overly simplified. Using a cluster deployment like this is not only a better learning and testing experience but it also provides an overall more realistic experience of a “real” k8s installation.

Configuration files

Download the Vagrant, Flannel and MetalLB files from GitHub or clone with Git

git clone https://github.com/jonas-werner/k8s-home-lab-with-vagrant.git

Video: Editing the config files and standing up the cluster

Video: Getting started using the new K8s cluster

Enjoy your new Kubernetes powers!

Ubuntu: The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY

Error when adding repo to install kubectl

jonas@octo:~$ sudo apt-add-repository "deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main"
Hit:1 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:2 https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/ubuntu18.04/amd64  InRelease [1,106 B]                                                                                                  
Get:3 https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-container-runtime/ubuntu18.04/amd64  InRelease [1,103 B]                                                                                             
Hit:4 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease                                                                                                                         
Hit:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease                                                                                                                            
Get:6 https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/ubuntu18.04/amd64  InRelease [1,096 B]                                                                                                        
Hit:7 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease                                                                                                                       
Hit:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease                                                                                                                 
Get:8 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease [8,993 B]                                                                   
Err:8 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease                              
  The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB
Hit:10 https://cf-cli-debian-repo.s3.amazonaws.com stable InRelease                             
Reading package lists… Done                                        
W: GPG error: https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB
E: The repository 'http://apt.kubernetes.io kubernetes-xenial InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

Solved by adding the missing key as follows

jonas@octo:~$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 6A030B21BA07F4FB

Executing: /tmp/apt-key-gpghome.JKpxFjtwsU/gpg.1.sh --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 6A030B21BA07F4FB
gpg: key 6A030B21BA07F4FB: public key "Google Cloud Packages Automatic Signing Key <a href="mailto:gc-team@google.com">gc-team@google.com</a>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1
jonas@octo:~$